FlyBase has the following records of genes which are 'orphans', that is to say we have no reference or personal communication attached to them. Most of them were curated by Michael Ashburner before the start of the FlyBase project.
Many genes have been removed from our original 'orphan' list as a result of information from the community, but a few have been added because the only reference we originally had to them was found to be spurious.
Any help in verifying any of these, that is by the addition of a reference or personal communication, would be very greatly appreciated. The gene symbols are in the *a lines and full gene names are in the *e lines. Synonyms are on *i lines. Superscripts are denoted by [ ], e.g., *A dlhA[1]
*a Daff\Amy *z FBgn0021735 *M Amy-d *M Amy-p *F alpha-amylase ; GO:0004556 ; EC:3.2.1.1 *F enzyme ; GO:0003824 *Y alpha-amylase *j species == Caenorhabditis elegans; gene == 'Similarity to Shrimp amylase (TR:Q26193); cDNA EST EMBL:Z14343 com'; EMBL:Z81050; protein_id:CAB02856; gi:3875058 *j species == Homo sapiens; OMIM:104660 *j species == Homo sapiens; gene == AMY2A; GDB:120547; OMIM:104650 *j species == Homo sapiens; gene == AMY2B; GDB:120548; OMIM:104660 *j species == Mus musculus; gene == '&agr;-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) B(A) precursor, pancreatic'; PIR:ALMSPA; gi:67372 *j species == Mus; gene == Amy2; MGI:88020 [MEDLINE:94307720] # *a Dana\Amy2E *z FBgn0021702 *M Amy-p *M Amy-d *b 2- *c 37C *F alpha-amylase ; GO:0004556 ; EC:3.2.1.1 *F enzyme ; GO:0003824 *Y alpha-amylase *j species == Caenorhabditis elegans; gene == 'Similarity to Shrimp amylase (TR:Q26193); cDNA EST EMBL:Z14343 com'; EMBL:Z81050; protein_id:CAB02856; gi:3875058 *j species == Homo sapiens; OMIM:104660 *j species == Homo sapiens; gene == AMY2A; GDB:120547; OMIM:104650 *j species == Homo sapiens; gene == AMY2B; GDB:120548; OMIM:104660 *j species == Mus musculus; gene == '&agr;-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) B(A) precursor, pancreatic'; PIR:ALMSPA; gi:67372 *j species == Mus; gene == Amy2; MGI:88020 [MEDLINE:94307720] # *a Dana\Amyi5 *z FBgn0021701 *M Amy-p *M Amy-d *b 3- *c 81D *F alpha-amylase ; GO:0004556 ; EC:3.2.1.1 *F enzyme ; GO:0003824 *Y alpha-amylase *j species == Caenorhabditis elegans; gene == 'Similarity to Shrimp amylase (TR:Q26193); cDNA EST EMBL:Z14343 com'; EMBL:Z81050; protein_id:CAB02856; gi:3875058 *j species == Homo sapiens; OMIM:104660 *j species == Homo sapiens; gene == AMY2A; GDB:120547; OMIM:104650 *j species == Homo sapiens; gene == AMY2B; GDB:120548; OMIM:104660 *j species == Mus musculus; gene == '&agr;-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) B(A) precursor, pancreatic'; PIR:ALMSPA; gi:67372 *j species == Mus; gene == Amy2; MGI:88020 [MEDLINE:94307720] # *a Dana\MIN *z FBgn0014521 *e Minute *W Orphan, in a way. *u As in @D.melanogaster@, this symbol refers to a class of mutants *u distributed throughout the genome and generally characterized by minute *u bristles and delayed development in heterozygotes and lethality in *u homozygotes. Secondary effects, such as reduced body size, vigor and *u fertility, roughened eyes, missing bristles etc. may accompany specific *u Minutes. # *a Dmir\Est-6 *z FBgn0012553 *e Esterase 6 *M Est-6 *W Invented out of a PIR record which was later noticed to be from baboon... *F carboxyesterase ; GO:0004091 ; EC:3.1.1.1 *Y carboxyesterase *j species == Caenorhabditis elegans; gene == 'GUT ESTERASE PRECURSOR (NON-SPECIFIC CARBOXYLESTERASE)'; SWP:Q04457; gi:416972 *j species == Homo sapiens; gene == 'cholesterol esterase'; EMBL:M85201; gi:180482 *j species == Mus musculus; gene == Ache; MGI:87876 # *a jockey\gag *z FBgn0020297 *e jockey gag *t transposable_element_gene *W Invented so that @Dfun\jockey\gag@ could have a Dm homolog. # *a l(1)14Ba *z FBgn0001535 *e lethal (1) 14Ba *W FlyBase 1 orphan. *b 1-[54] *c 14C1--3 *c Left limit from inclusion within Dp(1;4)81k21e (citation unavailable) *A l(1)14Ba1 *z FBal0006220 # *a l(1)14Bb *z FBgn0001536 *e lethal (1) 14Bb *W FlyBase 1 orphan. *b 1-[54] *c 14B5--C3 *c Left limit from inclusion within Dp(1;4)81l12h (citation unavailable) *A l(1)14Bb1 *z FBal0006221 # *a l(1)17Ae *z FBgn0004961 *e lethal (1) 17Ae *W FlyBase 1 orphan. FB1 cited Gtx 130:569 wrongly? *b 1-[59] *c 17A1--4 *c Right limit from complementation mapping relative to l(1)17Aa (citation unavailable) *A l(1)17Ae1 *z FBal0006238 *i l(1)S152 # *a l(1)9Fb *z FBgn0001476 *e lethal (1) 9Fb *W FlyBase 1 orphan. *b 1-[32] *c 9F7 *A l(1)9Fb1 *z FBal0007359 # *a l(3)62Cb *z FBgn0004869 *e lethal (3) 62Cb *W FlyBase 1 orphan. FB1 cites Mason ADRC 33 wrongly. *b 3-[1.5] *c 62C1--D1 *A l(3)62Cb1 *z FBal0009675 # *a mat(2)twg *z FBgn0002682 *e maternal effect twisted gastrulation *W FlyBase 1 orphan. *b 2-[56] *c 42C1--43F8 *A mat(2)twg1 *z FBal0012097 # *a ms(1)V1 *z FBgn0002812 *e male sterile (1) V1 *W FlyBase 1 orphan. *b 1-34.6 *c 10B4--16 *A ms(1)V11 *z FBal0012492 *k Phenotypic class: male sterile # *a ms(1)V7 *z FBgn0002813 *e male sterile (1) V7 *W FlyBase 1 orphan. *b 1-32.8 *c 9F4--9 *A ms(1)V71 *z FBal0012493 *k Phenotypic class: male sterile # *a ms(1)V73 *z FBgn0002814 *e male sterile (1) V73 *W FlyBase 1 orphan. *b 1-35.3 *c 10B4--16 *A ms(1)V731 *z FBal0012494 *k Phenotypic class: male sterile # *a ms(2)11R *z FBgn0002821 *e male sterile (2) 11R *W FlyBase 1 orphan. *b 2-54.8 *A ms(2)11R1 *z FBal0012497 *k Phenotypic class: male sterile # *a ms(2)1R *z FBgn0002816 *e male sterile (2) 1R *W FlyBase 1 orphan. *b 2-3 *A ms(2)1R1 *z FBal0012498 *k Phenotypic class: male sterile # *a ms(2)2R *z FBgn0002818 *e male sterile (2) 2R *W FlyBase 1 orphan. *b 2-3 *A ms(2)2R1 *z FBal0012504 *k Phenotypic class: male sterile # *a segB *z FBgn0004076 *e short egg B *W FlyBase 1 orphan -- "Luchnikova, 19??, pers.comm" *b 3-71 *A segB1 *z FBal0015408 # *a Tch *z FBgn0003674 *e Thin chaetae *W FlyBase 1 orphan. *b 3-[83] *c 95E6--96A5 #